Manuel Jose Justiniano is the former President and Founder of the Bolivian Glaucoma Society, Bolvia. He has co-authored many articles in both peer reviewed and nonpeer reviewed journals. Has presented in many international conferences and is a member of many reputed associations.

From its first descriptions, Non Perforations Deep Sclerectomy (NPDS) which has many difficulties and the technique of learning and perfecting has been aided by the use of perforations with the Yag Laser in postoperative of use of implants in the intraoperative. Modifying the NPDS into MPDS has been developed on 132 patients intending to improve the technique without the need to use other procedures (Yag Laser) or devices that raise the cost for patients (implants). This modifications consists of the intraoperative micro perforation with a 30 g needle of the descemetic trabecular membrane, turning this membrane into a meshwork or net which allows having a better outflow to the subconjuctival blebs with less resistance to aqueous humor exit keeping postoperative safety on the MPDS.

Introduction: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a genetic disease involving the retina, the eye back portion, photosensitive and appointed to focus light signals towards the optical nerve and brain, after photo transduction. It is an uncommon condition affecting about 1/4,000 people in the USA and 1-5/10,000 in Italy. The term “pigmentosa” deals with the characteristic appearance of abnormal areas of pigment into the retina. Degeneration induces a slow and progressive death in photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium, losing ability to transmit brain the visual information. Today about 50 RP causative genes are known. We focused our attention on RP1, encoding a microtubule associated protein (MAP) needed for molecule trafficking between inner and outer segment of rods. We chose this gene due to its pathways correlations with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) ones, pathology that affects the proband of a Sicilian RP affected family (9 members). We carried out a case-control study regarding this family vs. a control group of 200 healthy Sicilian donors. The association of 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of RP1 exon 4 and its 3’ UTR with RP family phenotype was investigated. Material & Methods: Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP (Polymerase Chain Reaction- Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) and direct sequencing. Results & Conclusions: Data obtained highlight the fundamental role of a haplotype, inferred by all analyzed RP1 polymorphisms suggesting a possible genotype-phenotype correlation between these SNPs coexistence and query disease.

Syeed Mehbub Ul Kadir is an illustrious Orbit, Aesthetic, Ophthalmic Plastic and Ocular Oncology Specialist and Surgeon in Bangladesh. He completed his MS (Ophthalmology) in 2010 at Dhaka University and completed a Postdoctoral Fellowship at Orbit and Ophthalmic Plastic Services of Sankar Institute of Ophthalmology from India. He has been working as Consultant, Department of Orbit and Oculoplasty Services in Bangladesh Eye Hospital since 2011. He plays a leading role in academia, sharing his expertise and helping to train the next generation of oculoplastic surgeons. He is also active in research and published more than 25 scientific articles in different journals. He is one of the authors of the text book-“Hydatidosis of the Central Nervous System: Diagnosis and Treatment”. He had published the book-“Handbook of Ophthalmology”.

Aims: To assess the rate, distribution and management strategies of eyelid cancer. Methods: Observational multicentre case series study was done from 2008 to 2013 (six years). We included all clinically evaluated skin cancer on and around the eyelid. We preferred frozen section biopsy than excision biopsy. Experienced pathologist reported all cases. Results: We evaluated 212 patients those who were presenting eyelid cancer. Analysis revealed Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) was 86 cases (40.56%), Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) was 83 cases (39.15%), Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was 39 cases (18.39%) and malignant melanoma (MM) was 04 cases (1.88%). Among them, 4 patients presented bilateral eyelid malignancies. Male patients were 116 (54.72%) and female patients were 96 (45.28%). The mean age was 59.38 years. Lower eyelid was more involved in BCC (79%) and upper eyelid was more involved in SGC (81%). Orbit was involved in 21 cases (10.1%) and Metastasis was found in 11 cases (5.18%). Associated risk factors were betel leaf with/without nut chewing (76%), smoking (43%) and sun exposure (31%). Frozen section was done in 49.06% cases. Eyelid reconstruction was done by appropriate techniques. A new procedure, triangular flap was done in 11.79% cases instead of semicircular flap. Exenterations were done in 13 cases (6.13%). Recurrence was rarely observed in frozen section biopsy (0.94%). Conclusion: Sebaceous gland carcinoma of the eyelid is highest in occurrence in Bangladesh. Early management provides minimum invasive procedure completely cure the lesion, salvage the globe and prevents metastasis.

Objective: To study the spatial and structural isomerization components corneal orthokeratology therapy. Methods: Orthokeratology lenses placed on the right eye of thirty-five rabbits for continuous wear by using blepharorraphia Golovin and the other eye was used as control. Animals were removed from the experiment on Day 14 after the start of orthokeratology treatment. The cornea was enucleated eyeballs subjected to histological examination after staining with hematoxylin and eosin by means of light, electron and probe microscopy. Results: After 14 days, the cornea with hematoxylin and eosin showed that the feature is changing the spatial orientation of the corneal epithelium cells i.e., displacement of the center of the structural unit. This shift is most pronounced in the field changes the spatial structure of the basement membrane collagen. These changes are statistically significant compared to controls (p <0.05). The most pronounced deformation of the structure of collagen was a violation of the polypeptide chain bends and offset the shift in the fibrils. Conclusions: Collagen is the main structure which determines the orientation of other interstitial elements. It was his spatial changes in the orthokeratology therapy affect cell-cell interactions and morphogenesis of the tissue in the development and growth of the organ.

Pervykh Svetlana L is an Ophthalmologist in the City Clinical Hospital No. 5 and Assistant Professor at Surgut State University. She received a Certificate in Ophthalmology in 2005 at the Novosibirsk State Medical Academy. She has completed Postgraduate studies in specialty “Histology” in Surgut State University. She has certificates for Pedagogy and Psychology of higher education, Trichology in ophthalmology, botulinoterapii, Essential Human Biology and others. Her area of interest is the attempt of interdisciplinary synthesis of biochemistry, molecular biology, histology and ophthalmology.

Reiter Thomas is currently studying Global Business at Johannes Kepler University of Linz, University of Victoria and National Sun Yat-sen University in Taiwan. The subjects are Human Resource, International Management, Logistics and Finance. He already finished a masters program in Clinical Optometry.

Computers and laptops are increasingly used at work and at home. As a consequence, that the exposure of short wavelength blue light, which is emitted by LED displays, increases too. By its action, light is well-known to enact damage on the neurosensory retina, especially on the underlying structures. In particular, this happens through photothermal, photomechanical, and photochemical mechanisms. This paper will point out whether or not and what kind of medical, respectively pathological, changes within the eye occurs and how much of visible light the eye can withstand before damage occurs.

Mohammad Afzal Mahfuzullah has completed his MBBS at the age of 25 years from Chittagong Medical College and achived postgraduate degree MCPS & FCPS in Ophthalmology from Bangladesh College Of Physician & Surgeons, Dhaka, Bangladesh. He is appointed as Medical Officer in Department of Ophthalmology in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka since 2011. Currently, he is deputed to Ispahani Islamia Eye Institute & Hospital, Dhaka Bangladesh as a long term fellow in vitreo-retina department

Purpose: A choroidal osteoma is a rare benign choroidal tumor involving the peripapillary and macular areas of young healthy subjects with very slow growth and often with an acute decrease in vision. The main causes of this sudden decrease in vision are a serous macular detachment or a subretinal hemorrhage, with or without choroidal neovascularization (CNV). A definitive treatment for the CNV associated with a choroidal osteoma has not been established like photocoagulation, Intravitreal Anti VEGF, surgical removal of the CNV, photodynamic therapy (PDT) and transpupillary thermotherapy. Case Report:Thirty nine years old healthy man presented with the complaints of painless blurred vision in his both eyes for 3 month . On examination,visual acuity was 3/60 in his right eye and 6/60 in his left eye. Fundus examination in both eyes shows a flat, opaque, yellowish parapapillary choroidal lesion. In case of left eye there is grayish membrane associated with minimal subretinal fluid suggestive of a CNVM, B-scan ultrasonography in both eyes revealed findings consistent with a choroidal osteoma. Fundus fluorescein angiography of the left eye revealed a relatively well-defined area of hyperfluorescence that increased in size and intensity in the later phases suggestive of active extrafoveal CNVM, Optical coherence tomography confirmed the extrafoveal CNVM with subfoveal fluid, On the other hand in right eye there is no sign of CNVM other than calcification. He was treated with laser photocoagulation in his left eye. Results: On every 6 month follow up visit, vision in his right eye is sustained to 3/60 & in his left eye is 6/12 from 2011 to till date. The FFA and OCT in left eye revealed a resolved CNVM. Treatment with laser photocoagulation may be an effective alternative in the management of CNVM secondary to choroidal osteoma. Conclusions: The long term visual prognosis without therapy is not good, our findings indicate that laser photocoagulation prevents a decrease of vision in the short and long-term in a eye with a choroidal osteoma with CNV which is less invasive & cost effective procedure in a developing country like Bangladesh.